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Steel pipe elbow is a key parts in a piping system for to change the fluid flow direction. It is used to connect two pipes with same or different nominal diameters, and to make the pipe turn to a certain direction of 45 degree or 90 degree. The steel pipe elbow can be categorized based on various factors such as direction angle, connection type, radius length, and material. These classifications help engineers and designers select the most appropriate elbow type for specific applications in industries ranging from oil & gas to water treatment.
The elbow radius mean curvature radius. If the radius is the same as pipe diameter, it called short radius elbow, also called SR elbow, normally for low pressure and low speed pipelines.
If the radius is larger than pipe diameter, R ≥ 1.5 Diameter, then we call it a long radius elbow (LR Elbow), applied for high pressure and high flow rate pipelines.
LR 90 degree steel pipe elbow are installed between different lengths pipe or tubing. It helps to change direction at 90 degree, and is commonly used to connect hoses to pumps, deck drains and valve.
SR 90 degree elbow is the same as the pipe elbow mentioned above, but the diameter is shorter. Therefore, this kind of steel elbow is often used when space is not enough.
45 Degree Steel Pipe Elbow
45 degree elbow is second common use after 90 degree elbow. Compared to 90 degree elbow, 45 degree elbow produces less friction, and with the lower pressure.
180 Degree steel elbow helps change direction at 180 degrees, since it usually results in low pressure. Its application is limited to minimal deposition and low turbulence system.
Butt weld elbow is a steel elbow formed by hot pressing or forging. Its connection form is to directly weld the elbow and steel pipe. Butt welded elbows are mainly used for elbow with higher pressure and temperature than other connection types (socket welded elbow or threaded pipe elbow).
Socket weld elbow is also welded to the pipe and fittings end. Unlike the butt weld elbow, the socket weld elbow has a trapezoidal area at the end. We can insert pipe end into this area (the diameter of SW elbow is matched with the outer diameter of pipe), then do welding work to connect them together.
Therefore, the actual diameter of SW elbow end is greater than the elbow diameter. (Same with threaded pipe elbow).
The shape of threaded elbow is similar to the SW elbow, except that the inner surface of the trapezoidal area has been machined into thread. It is easier to install and remove, good for pipeline repair and maintenance.
First,we could weld the closed end of a polygonal circular shell or a polygonal sector shell. When the pipe inside filled with pressure medium, its cross section will change from a polygon to a tubular shape. Under internal pressure, the section will be a circular shell. Ring can be cut into four 90 degree elbows or six 60 degree elbows or any other size requirement. Due to advances in technology, the welding process can be applied in different application. For example, it is now possible to weld and manufacture larger diameter steel pipe elbows, especially large diameter that in long radius.
It is also possible to directly purchase the seamless pipe or welded pipe as the material of the steel elbow, then heat the pipe body with a heating machine,
and then push the pipe body into different degrees of mold to form the elbow shape.
In general, carbon steel has high carbon content, which will definitely give you more strength and hardness, but lower plasticity. Therefore, those that do not contain a large amount of alloy element are often referred to as carbon steel or straight carbon steel.
FLUIDO has been providing reliable piping solutions since its establishment over two decades ago. As a leading manufacturer and exporter specializing in steel valves, fittings, and flanges, FLUIDO has been serving over 35 countries/regions worldwide for more than two decades. With ISO9001-certified factories located across Shandong and Hebei provinces in China,FLUIDO ensures strict quality control standards are met before shipment through comprehensive product testing procedures. Whether you need standard elbows or custom-fabricated fittings,FLUIDO offers one-stop sourcing services tailored specifically for your project needs. Reach out today via info@fluidovalve.com or call +86-532-88550858 for immediate assistance!
